Plow working units – Mouldboards.
The mouldboard is fitted directly above the blade. Together with the blade, it forms a common smooth surface, on which the cut furrow slides. The task of the mouldboard is to partially crush the furrow slice and mix the soil, and in the final stage - its inversion and adding to the previously plowed furrows. Therefore, the mouldboard is made of a suitably shaped steel plate. The front part of the mouldboard, the so-called. mouldboard breast, takes part in cutting off the furrow in the vertical plane. The mouldboard wing ensures proper placement of the furrow slice. The type of soil and the type of mouldboard determine the degree of crushing and turning of the furrow slices. Depending on the shape and application, we distinguish mouldboards:
- cylindrical, which are a segment of the cylinder surface, they strongly crumble the furrows, but they do not turn them back sufficiently; they are currently used only in double-blade bodies;
— cylindroidalne, called cultural, as they are best suited for plowing cultivated soils; they provide better turning of the furrow than cylindrical mouldboards and differ from them by the forward bend of the upper part of the wing; these mouldboards are the most common.